Disclosed is a coaxial non-mydriatic multispectral fundus camera, including: an illumination unit configured to emit light; a diffusion lens configured to diffuse the light incident from the illumination unit; an illumination lens configured to irradiate the light incident from the diffusion lens at a predetermined emission angle; a mirror configured to reflect the light incident from the illumination lens; a polarizing beam splitter configured to transmit P-polarized light of the light incident from the mirror and reflect S-polarized light thereof; an objective lens configured to image a fundus using the light incident from the polarizing beam splitter and then enlarge a returning image of the fundus; a short-range eyepiece lens configured to reduce or enlarge the image of the fundus enlarged by the objective lens; and an imaging device configured to acquire a fundus photograph from the image of the fundus received from the short-range eyepiece lens.