A communication method and system for converging a fifth generation (5G) communication system for supporting higher data rates beyond a fourth generation (4G) system with a technology for internet of things (IoT) are provided. The communication method and system includes intelligent services based on the 5G communication technology and the IoT-related technology, such as smart home, smart building, smart city, smart car, connected car, health care, digital education, smart retail, security and safety services. In accordance with an aspect of the disclosure, a method and an apparatus for transmitting a random access preamble in a wireless communication system are provided. In accordance with another aspect of the disclosure, a method and an apparatus for requesting and transmitting system information are provided.