The present disclosure relates to systems, methods, and computer-readable media for utilizing a concept graphing system to determine and provide relationships between concepts within document collections or corpora. For example, the concept graphing system can generate and utilize machine-learning models, such as a sparse graph recovery machine-learning model, to identify less-obvious correlations between concepts, including positive and negative concept connections, as well as provide these connections within a visual concept graph. Additionally, the concept graphing system can provide a visual concept graph that determines and displays concept correlations based on the input of a single concept, multiple concepts, or no concepts.