Provided are a hyperspectral sensor including a window, a first focusing part provided on a rear surface of the window and including a plurality of lenses, a first image sensor provided on a rear surface of the first focusing part and having a front surface parallel to the rear surface of the window, a first mirror spaced apart from the first focusing part and the first image sensor and having a front surface inclined with respect to the rear surface of the window, a first optical element spaced apart from the first mirror, a second optical element spaced apart from the first optical element and having a periodic refractive index distribution therein, a second focusing part spaced apart from the second optical element and including a plurality of lenses, and a second image sensor provided on a rear surface of the second focusing part, a hyperspectral imaging system including the hyperspectral sensor, and a hyperspectral imaging method using the hyperspectral imaging system.