An electronic device is provided. The electronic device includes an optical lens, a display module configured to display a screen through the optical lens, a sensor module configured to measure a temperature of the display module at one or more positions, and memory, and at least one processor. The instructions that, when executed by the at least one processor, cause the electronic device to control the display module to display a designated screen, obtain at least one temperature respectively corresponding to the one or more positions from the sensor module while displaying the designated screen, and based on the obtained at least one temperature, change a luminance of at least a part of the designated screen or change a display area of the display module based on the obtained at least one temperature.