A computer-implemented method of an embodiment is for automatically estimating and/or correcting an error due to artifacts in a multi-energy computed tomography result dataset relating to at least one target material. In an embodiment, the method includes determining at least one first subregion of the imaging region, which is free from the target material and contains at least one, in particular exactly one, second material with known material-specific energy dependence of x-ray attenuation; for each first subregion, comparing the image values of the energy dataset for each voxel, taking into account the known energy dependence, to determine deviation values indicative of artifacts; and for at least a part of the at least one remaining second subregion of the imaging region, calculating estimated deviation values by interpolating and/or extrapolating from the determined deviation values in the first subregion, the estimated deviation values being used as estimated error due to artifacts.