A wearable device includes a communication circuit, at least one sensor, and a processor, wherein the processor is configured to identify a distance between the wearable device and an external electronic device through the communication circuit, during identifying that a user wearing the wearable device is sleeping, compare data obtained through the at least one sensor to first reference data to identify a first state of the user while the user is sleeping based at least in part on identifying that the distance that is less than a reference distance, and compare the data to second reference data to identify a second state of the user while the user is awake, which is distinct to the first reference data based at least in part on identifying that the distance that is greater than or equal to the reference distance.