There are provided a method and system for automatic augmentation of gloss-based sign language translation data. A system for automatic augmentation of sign language translation training data according to an embodiment includes: a database configured to store a sequence of sign language glosses and a sequence of spoken-language words in pairs; and an augmentation module configured to augment the pairs stored in the database. Accordingly, gloss-based training data of high quality may be acquired by performing automatic augmentation for gloss-based training data for sign language translation in an efficient method in terms of time and economic aspects, and eventually, accuracy of translation between sign language glosses and sentences may be enhanced.