To provide a medicine collation device, a medicine collation system, a medicine management method, and a program, capable of collecting medicine images that are candidates for master images. The medicine collation device includes: a medicine image acquiring unit configured to acquire a medicine image generated by imaging a medicine to be collated; a first master image storing unit configured to store a master image of the medicine; a collating unit configured to collate the medicine image with the master image; an associating unit configured to associate the medicine image collated by the collating unit, with identification information on the medicine image; and a transmitting unit configured to transmit the medicine image and the identification information that are associated in the associating unit, to an outside.