Disclosed are a super-resolution microscopic imaging method and apparatus, a computer device, and a storage medium. The method includes the following steps: collecting a fluorescent signal sequence of a set of samples to be observed; determining the number of iterations of deconvolution; performing an iteration of pre-deconvolution on each frame of an initial image in the fluorescent signal sequence before outputting when the iteration reaches half of the number of iterations; performing two reconstructions on the output image; and performing a second iteration of deconvolution on the image after the two reconstructions before outputting when the iteration reaches the number of iterations or half of the number of iterations. The present disclosure, with advantages of non-parameterization, high throughput, and high resolution, can overcome the shortcomings and deficiencies of the prior art, and can be widely coupled to various imaging modalities, such as acoustic microscopy, that is, photoacoustic and ultrasound microscopic imaging technology.