This application discloses a storage space organization method and an electronic device. A kernel of the electronic device includes a file system and a block layer, and the method includes: monitoring, by the electronic device, input/output ports IOs through the block layer, and determining, by the block layer when there is IO release, whether all the IOs have been released; and updating, by the electronic device when all the IOs have been released, a state of the file system to an idle state through the block layer, to trigger the electronic device to perform first garbage collection processing through the file system, where the state of the file system includes the idle state and a busy state.