A display substrate has a display region. The display region includes at least a first region, and the first region includes a plurality of first sub-pixel regions. The display substrate includes: a substrate; a plurality of first sub-pixels disposed on a side of the substrate; and a pattern layer disposed on a side of the plurality of first sub-pixels away from the substrate. The pattern layer includes a first pattern and a plurality of second patterns. Boundaries of orthographic projections of part of the second patterns located in the first region on the substrate respectively coincide with boundaries of the first sub-pixel regions; or boundaries of the first sub-pixel regions are respectively located within boundaries of orthographic projections of part of the second patterns located in the first region on the substrate. A portion of the first pattern located in the first region is electrically connected to the first cathode.