In this non-aqueous electrolyte secondary battery: a positive electrode active material contains a lithium transition metal oxide that has a layered structure including a Li layer and that contains at least prescribed amounts of Ni, Ca, and Al; the proportion of metal elements, excluding Li, in the Li layer is 0.6-2.0 mol % with respect to the total number of moles of metal elements, excluding Li, contained in the lithium transition total oxide; a negative electrode active material has a coating containing Ca on the surface thereof; and the contained amount of Ca in the coating is not less than 15 mass ppm but less than 80 mass ppm with respect to the total mass of the positive electrode material.