The present disclosure relates to a pre-5th-Generation (5G) or 5G communication system to be provided for supporting higher data rates Beyond 4th-Generation (4G) communication system such as Long Term Evolution (LTE). According to various embodiments of the disclosure, an operation method of a terminal in a wireless communication system includes: receiving positioning reference signal (PRS) configuration information related to a reference cell and one or more neighboring cells with respect to the terminal; receiving a message for requesting PRS measurement; in response to the receiving of the message, determining, based on the PRS configuration information, an RSTD between transmission time of a PRS received through a first beam of the reference cell, and transmission time of a PRS received through a second beam of each of the one or more neighboring cells; and transmitting measurement information including the RSTD to a base station.