Example video data transmission methods and apparatus are described. One example method includes receiving a plurality of data packets corresponding to a plurality of video frames by a network device from a server. The network device determines that a transmission phase of one or more data packets corresponding to each video frame in the plurality of video frames, and determines a corresponding priority based on the transmission phase of the one or more data packets corresponding to each video frame. The network device sends, based on the priority of the one or more data packets corresponding to each video frame, the one or more data packets corresponding to each video frame to a terminal device corresponding to each video frame.