A polishing apparatus capable of polishing a substrate while accurately measuring a temperature at a desired measuring point near a surface of the substrate is disclosed. The polishing apparatus includes: a polishing pad having a polishing surface for polishing a substrate; a polishing table supporting the polishing pad; a table motor configured to rotate the polishing table; a polishing head configured to press a surface of the substrate against the polishing surface of the polishing pad; a polishing liquid supply nozzle configured to supply a polishing liquid onto the polishing surface of the polishing pad; and a temperature sensor mounted to the polishing table. The temperature sensor is located so as to move across the surface of the substrate each time the polishing table makes one revolution.