Provided are an optical film which has a reflectivity of 0.50% or less with respect to all wavelengths of 400 nm, 550 nm, and 700 nm, a visible light transmittance that is higher than that of a transparent base material, and excellent rub resistance, an optical element, and an optical system. An optical film includes a transparent base material, a dielectric layer, a metal layer having an interface with the dielectric layer and containing at least silver, and an interlayer positioned between the metal layer and the transparent base material, in which a film thickness of the metal layer is less than 5.0 nm and the metal layer has a refractive index of 0.40 or less with respect to a wavelength of 550 nm.