An aircraft cargo hold unloading and collection system having an aircraft body, a lifting device, and a netted shelf. The lifting device is arranged on the aircraft body, and the lifting device is connected to the aircraft body through communication. The lifting device has a retractable cable. One end of the cable can be connected to the cargo hold, and the other end is fixed relative to the aircraft body. The netted shelf is used to be arranged on the ground, and the aircraft body is provided with a position identification part. The netted shelf is provided with a trigger part, and the position identification part can identify the signal transmitted from the trigger part to locate the netted shelf.