A method for tracing an error of a logic system design includes obtaining an assertion failure of a combinational cone of the logic system design, the combinational cone including a plurality of sub-cones; and obtaining machine learning models of the sub-cones. Each sub-cone represents a sub-circuitry of the logic system design and has one or more input signals and an output signal. The assertion failure indicates an actual signal value of the combinational cone at a current clock cycle being different from an expected output value at the current clock cycle. The method also includes: performing backtracing on the sub-cones according to the assertion failure, the machine learning models of the sub-cones, and dynamic backtracing sensitivities corresponding to the sub-cones, to obtain a backtracing result; and outputting one or more target sub-cones as candidate root causes of the assertion failure according to the backtracing result.