The present invention discloses a detection device and a probe module thereof, wherein an electrical connection path between a battery detection frame and a battery under test is provided via the probe module. The probe module includes a base, a first polarity plate, a second polarity plate, a first upper connection group, a second upper connection group, a first lower connection member and a second lower connection member. Via the first polarity plate, the first upper connection group is correspondingly coupled to the battery detection frame, and the first lower connection member is correspondingly coupled to the battery under test. Via the second polarity plate, the second upper connection group is correspondingly coupled to the battery detection frame, and the second lower connection member is correspondingly coupled to the battery under test. Thus, it is not necessary to process a cable having been fixed on the battery detection frame when the probe module is replaced. Moreover, since each polarity has dedicated coupling elements respectively corresponding to the battery detection frame and the battery under test, reliability is enhanced.