A robot swimming pool cleaner includes a main body; a filtering chamber, and the top is provided with a filter screen which is used to filter and store garbage into the filtering chamber, a detection device, which includes a sliding rod detection device; the sliding rod detection device includes a sliding rod, a first buoyancy block, and a position sensor, the sliding rod is arranged at the top of the main body, the first buoyancy block is slidably connected to the sliding rod, and the position sensor is arranged on the sliding rod; and a control device, which is mounted inside the main body, and connected with the detection device.