A data acquisition method of a non-real time transmitting seismic data acquisition system applied in mountainous areas. The format of original record file names is an 8 digit file name representing absolute time together with 3 digit extension names representing the equipment's serial number. The detonating units generate SPS format spreadsheets according to the above file name generation method. SPS format spreadsheets of several detonating units are combined on the basis of the SPS format spreadsheets generated by every detonating unit and then put in a data retrieval unit. The effective file names, which are recorded in the SPS format spreadsheets while detonating units are operating, are based on the former 8 digits. The acquisition unit and the data retrieval unit are connected by network lines, and a data retrieving program will run by the data retrieval unit. This method is exclusive and feasible to manage and search the seismic data. The method solves the technically difficult problems of data management for original record files and the difficulties of retrieving data as result of non-real time transmitting characteristics of the system.