Disclosed are systems and methods for optimization and efficient processing of MERGE statements. MERGE allows performing a mix of inserts, updates, and deletes in a single statement, and introduces new challenges compared to legacy DML statements, where the kind of action to be performed is hard-coded and known at compile time. Such optimizations may include Halloween Protection detection for MERGE statements, optimized prevention of non-deterministic MERGE statements, in-place inserts for MERGE statements scanning the “Read Instance” of the target table, and optimized execution of MERGE statements seeking the “Read Instance” of the target table. Such optimizations may be fundamental in order to ensure proper performance and reliable processing times.