A holding apparatus (38) for holding an optical element (37) at a controlled position and attitude. The optical element (37) is held at an inner ring (43) by a piezo housing (54). A piezo element (65) is isolated from the optical element (37). When the piezo element (65) elongates and contracts, a displacement section (70) is displaced in a plane perpendicular to the optical axis of the optical element while being guided by a parallel link section (71). A transmission link section (72) converts the direction of the displacement of the optical element (37) to transmit the result to a part of the inner ring (43).