A rapid coupling device couples a hydrogen storage canister and a fuel cell. The rapid coupling device includes first and second coupling assemblies. The first coupling assembly includes a base, and a communicating member coupled to the fuel cell, and carrying a first ejector, a separating member embracing the base, a moving member reciprocating longitudinally inside the base, and elastic members therebetween. The base is provided with abutting members which, depending on the respective positions of the moving member and the separating member control interconnection between the first and second coupling assemblies. The second coupling assembly includes a body carrying a second ejector and lockable inside the base for connection of the first and second ejectors.