The present invention relates to processes for producing α,β-unsaturated aldehyde compounds and unsaturated alcohols with a good yield. There is provided a process for producing and α,β-unsaturated aldehyde compound including the step of subjecting a raw aldehyde compound to an intermolecular condensation reaction in the presence of an amine and a protonic acid having 4 to 20 carbon atoms or a salt thereof; and a process for producing an unsaturated alcohol including the step of subjecting the α,β-unsaturated aldehyde compound to a reduction reaction.