It is an object of the present invention to provide a polyester based artificial hair which has excellent setting properties, feeling and transparency and further has excellent flame-retardancy and controlled gloss of fiber surface while maintaining fiber properties possessed by a conventional polyester fiber such as heat resistance, strength and elongation and the like. The flame retardant polyester based artificial hair which has excellent setting properties, feeling and transparency and further has excellent flame-retardancy and controlled gloss of fiber surface while maintaining fiber properties possessed by a conventional polyester fiber such as heat resistance, strength and elongation and the like can be obtained by melt spinning a composition comprising a polyester, at least one bromine containing flame-retardant selected from the group consisting of a brominated epoxy based flame-retardant, a brominated phenoxy resin based flame-retardant and a brominated phosphate based flame-retardant and a phosphorus compound selected from an organic cyclic phosphorus compound and/or a phosphoric ester amide compound and optionally, the composition further comprises organic fine particles and/or inorganic fine particles.