A recording medium transport apparatus includes: plural storage units each storing a recording medium; a transport unit that transports the recording medium from one of the storage units to a recording position where an image is recorded on the recording medium; a memory that stores a reference position of a recording medium prescribed for each storage unit; a measuring unit that measures a position of the transported recording medium; and a movement unit that reads the reference position corresponding to the storage unit that stored the transported recording medium, from the memory, and moves the recording medium according to the difference between the reference position and the measured position such that the position of the recording medium approaches the reference position when the recording medium is located upstream of the recording position in the transport direction thereof.