A process for recording information on and reproducing information from a reflection-type holographic information recording medium, having a reflecting layer. Recording includes (i) branching a light beam from a light source into a first branched light beam and a second branched light beam, (ii) forming an information light beam from the first branched light beam by modulation with a spatial light modulation element, and (iii) recording the information by forming an interference fringe by projecting the second branched light beam as a recording reference light beam together with the information light beam onto the recording medium. Reproducing includes projecting a light beam from the light source as a reproducing reference light beam onto the interference fringe. An angle of incidence of the recording reference light beam and an angle of incidence of the reproducing reference light beam into the interference fringe are one hundred eighty degrees from one another.