A medical image processing apparatus includes an acquisition unit which acquires an anatomical malignant grade of an abnormality candidate region that is possibly an anatomical abnormality included in an image showing the inside of a subject based on a candidate region characteristic amount indicative of characteristics concerning the abnormality candidate region and a peripheral region characteristic amount indicative of characteristics concerning a peripheral region continuous with the abnormality candidate region in the image, a determination unit which determines an examination policy or a treatment policy with respect to the abnormality candidate based on the malignant grade, and a presentation unit which presents the examination policy or the treatment policy determined by the determination unit to a user.