Process for the catalytic hydrodealkylation alone of hydrocarbons, comprising C8-C13 alkylaromatic compounds, optionally mixed with C4-C9 aliphatic and cycloaliphatic products, which comprises treating said hydrocarbon compositions, in continuous and in the presence of hydrogen, with a catalyst consisting of a ZSM-5 zeolite, as such or in a bound form, wherein the Si/Al molar ratio in the ZSM-5 ranges from 5 to 35, modified with at least one metal selected from those belonging to groups IIB, VIB, VIII, at a temperature ranging from 400 to 650° C., a pressure ranging from 2 to 4 MPa and a H2/charge molar ratio ranging from 3 to 6.