A multiple function optical image detecting structure includes a shell body, a tracing ball, an optical base, a circuit board, a light-emitting element, and an image sensor. The shell body receives the tracing ball. The optical base has a slanted spectroscope that faces part of the spherical surface of the tracing ball and a lens element located on one side of the spectroscope. The light-emitting element and the image sensor are electrically connected with the circuit board. The light-emitting element faces towards the spectroscope and the image sensor faces towards the lens element. The light axial of the projected light generated from the light-emitting element is reflected/transmitted to the surface of the tracing ball via the spectroscope. Thereby, the light is uniformly projected on the tracing ball and the image sensor obtains the image on the lens element to calculate a displacement.