A linear pneumatic gripper including a gripper body (11) with a chamber (15), a piston (12) moving alternately in the chamber (15) and a pair of sliding gripper jaws (13) associated with and moving in opposite directions with the piston, and where the gripper body (11) is made up of two elements (14), or identical shells, joined face to face to form at the same time the chamber (15) for the piston (12) and the slide guides (16) for the jaws (13), and the piston (12) is in particular integral with the translation devices (22) for the movements of the jaws of the grippers in opposite directions.