There is provided a honeycomb structure and a method for producing the honeycomb structure, capable of reducing variance in pore diameter depending on part and capable of increasing the mean pore diameter as a whole. There is provided a method for producing a cordierite honeycomb structure 1 including the step of firing a honeycomb formed body. In the firing step, a temperature rise rate from 1200° C. to 1250° C. is controlled to 40° C./hr or more, a temperature rise rate from 1250° C. to 1300° C. is controlled to 2 to 40° C./hr, and a temperature rise rate from 1300° C. to 1400° C. is controlled to 40° C./hr or more. There is further provided a honeycomb structure having a porosity of 50 to 70%, a mean pore diameter of 15 to 30 μm, a difference in a mean pore diameter of 5 μm or less between in the central portion and in the outer peripheral portion, a thermal expansion coefficient of 1.0×10−6/° C. or less in each of the central portion and the outer peripheral portion, and an A-axis compression strength of 1.5 MPa or more in each of the central portion and the outer peripheral portion.