A method is disclosed for visualization of plaque deposits from 3D image data records of vessel structures, in particular of the coronary vascular system, in which at least one predeterminable section of the vessel structure with the plaque deposits is segmented in the 3D image data record in order to obtain segmented 3D image data. A synthetic 3D model image of the at least one section of the vessel structure and of the plaque deposits is produced from the segmented image data, and includes only boundary surfaces of the vessel structure and of the plaque deposits. The synthetic 3D model image is produced by three-dimensional interpolation between pixels which are associated with boundary surfaces of the vessel structure, and between pixels which are associated with boundary surfaces of the plaque deposits in order to obtain a uniform grid at pixels for the 3D model image. Finally, the synthetic 3D model image or a partial volume of it is visualized. The method allows a vessel section with plaque deposits to be visualized better for evaluation.