An organic luminescent device according to the present invention includes a substrate, an organic luminescent layer, and a reflection electrode. Here, the substrate has first and second principal surfaces opposed to each other; the organic luminescent layer is arranged on the first principal surface of the substrate, and is held between a pair of electrodes at least one of which is a transparent electrode; and the reflection electrode is adjacent to a luminescent area of the organic luminescent layer and is arranged on a front surface or a back surface of the transparent electrode. The transparent electrode is arranged on the first principal surface of the substrate, while the reflection electrode is arranged on the transparent electrode. The second principal surface of the substrate is formed into a rough surface at least on its part opposed to the reflection electrode. This configuration improves light extraction efficiency.