Implementations of the present invention relate to a scanning probe microscope, which includes a base frame to which a probe holder with a probe as well as a probe support are, or can be fixed. The probe and the sample mount can be moved relative to one another in order to obtain information about the surface of the sample by scanning a sample which is arranged on the sample mount. Furthermore, a reaction chamber can be attached to the base frame of the scanning probe microscope, with the sample mount arranged therein. The reaction chamber has an opening on its side facing the probe, through which the probe can enter the reaction chamber. The reaction chamber can enable treatment of the sample's surface by the specific influence of fluids within the reaction chamber when the reaction chamber is closed.