A brake control system includes a wheel cylinder, a brake pedal, a master cylinder in which communication between it and an external master cylinder reservoir is cut off when the operating amount of the brake pedal is equal to or greater than a predetermined value, an internal reservoir, and a pump which selectively discharges hydraulic fluid in two directions, one being a direction that increases the hydraulic pressure in the wheel cylinder by drawing up hydraulic fluid from the internal reservoir, and the other being a direction that stores hydraulic fluid in the internal reservoir. The pump is driven to discharge hydraulic fluid in the direction that stores hydraulic fluid when communication is open between the master cylinder and the master cylinder reservoir, and driven to discharge hydraulic fluid in the direction that increases the hydraulic pressure when communication is cut off between the master cylinder and the master cylinder reservoir. A further invention is directed to a brake control method.