An optical multilayer filter having an inorganic thin film composed of a plurality of layers on a substrate includes a fluorinated organic silicon compound film formed on a surface of the inorganic thin film, a low-density formation section forming a part of the inorganic thin film, having one or more layers including the most superficial layer of the inorganic thin film, the one or more layers being formed of at least one of a low-density titanium oxide layer and a low-density silicon oxide layer, and a high-density formation section forming another part of the inorganic thin film, disposed between the low-density formation section and the substrate, having silicon oxide layers with a density higher than the low-density silicon oxide layer and titanium oxide layers with a density higher than the low-density titanium oxide layer in a stacked manner. A total thickness of the low-density formation section is equal to or smaller than 280 nm.