The invention relates to β-galactoside binding protein (βGBP) and compositions, including pharmaceutical compositions, comprising βGBP for use in therapy and related applications. In particular, the invention relates to use of βGBP and the manufacture of medicaments for the treatment or prevention of conditions in which disease associated cell division occurs, wherein the cells which result from said disease associated cell division comprise a cell in respect of which the effect of βGBP is not inhibition of growth. The invention also relates to methods of inducing apoptosis, methods of treating or preventing conditions in which disease associated cell division occurs and methods of assessing the suitability of βGBP as a therapeutic agent.