A high-speed positioning system includes a server and a positioning device. The server links to Internet for receiving and interpreting GPS signals received from a satellite system. The positioning device includes a network connecting module, a user position information generator and a satellite positioning module. The network connecting module is in communication with a connecting node of Internet for receiving a connecting node information. The user position information generator generates a user position information according to the connecting node information. The user position information is transmitted to the server through Internet. A satellite position signal is generated by the server according to the user position information and sent back to the user position information generator through Internet. The satellite positioning module is in communication with the network connecting module for receiving the satellite position signal and executing a positioning operation according to the contents of the satellite position signal.