The present invention publicly discloses a synthetic method and intermediates of rosuvastatin calcium and synthetic methods of the intermediates. The synthetic method uses 4-4′-fluorophenyl-6-isopropyl-2-(N-methyl-N-methylsulfonylamino)pyridine-5-formaldehyde as the raw material, includes 4-4′-fluorophenyl-6-isopropyl-2-(N-methyl-N-methylsulfonylamino)pyridine-5-acrylonitrile (intermediate I) from a nitrilized reaction, and 4-4′-fluorophenyl-6-isopropyl-2-(N-methyl-N-methylsulfonylamino)pyridine-5-acraldehyde (intermediate II) from an aldehydized reaction of the intermediate I, and further goes through such unit processes as side-chain extension, ketone-group reduction, ethyl-group hydrolysis and neutralization reaction or decomposition reaction to obtain rosuvastatin calcium. The nitrilized reagent can be phosphate diethylacetonitrile, acetonitrile, etc.; the aldehyde reductant can be diisobutyl aluminum hydride, red aluminum, etc.; and the ketone-group reductant can be diethylmethoxyborane, NaBH4, KBH4, etc.