An animal management system and scanning access device are disclosed. The scanning access device accesses RFID label disposed on/in animal body, and the information of the accessed RFID label is subsequently processed and transmitted to the animal management system via a communication transmission module for comparison. The scanning access device includes a first access module for accessing the RFID label disposed on/in animal body, an interface for the first access module to be coupled thereto and receiving the information of the RFID label accessed by the first access module, an input module for receiving operation message, a processing module for processing the information of the RFID label received by the interface and/or the operation message received by the input module, and a transmitting/receiving module for transmitting the processed information obtained from the processing module via the communication transmission module and/or receiving another information transmitted by the communication transmission module.