A high-speed turbine dental drill handpiece has a drilling needle, a wind wheel axle, a head housing having an annular opening with a two-step profile shape, and a suckback prevention device. The suckback prevention device includes an elastic bowl-shaped axle shroud coupled to an annular skeleton that are buckled in an inner step of the head housing and an annular screw connected to the outer step of the head housing (or retaining of the elastic bowl-shaped axle shroud. An eyelet for the drilling needle is set at the center of the elastic bowl-shaped axle shroud, the diameter of the eyelet being slightly larger than that of the drilling needle.