A map advertisement system and method by using a mash-up map advertisement is provided, which can operate various advertisement cost billing policies. The map advertisement system includes an advertisement management unit for generating an advertisement layer and an identifier of the advertisement layer based on advertisement information including geographic location information received from an advertiser terminal; a base map providing unit for providing a base map layer capable of providing geographical information through on-line; and a mash-up map advertisement unit for generating mash-up map data by mixing the advertisement layer with the base map layer based on the geographic location information, wherein the advertisement layer identifier includes at least one information element related to an advertisement exposure on the advertisement layer.