A silicon carbide-based porous material is provided, including silicon carbide particles as an aggregate, metallic silicon and an oxide phase containing Si, Al and an alkaline earth metal. The silicon carbide-based porous material is high in porosity and strength and superior in oxidation resistance and thermal shock resistance and, when used as a filter, has a very low risk of fluid leakage causing defects such as cuts and the like, as well as a low pressure loss.