An light emitting diode includes an n-type nitride semiconductor layer, a multiple quantum well layer, a p-type nitride semiconductor layer, a window electrode layer, a p-side electrode, and an n-side electrode, which are stacked in this order. The n-side electrode is electrically connected to the n-type nitride semiconductor layer. The window electrode layer comprises an n-type single-crystalline ITO transparent film and an n-type single-crystalline ZnO transparent film. The p-type nitride semiconductor layer is in contact with the n-type single-crystalline ITO transparent film. The light-emitting diode further comprises a plurality of single-crystalline ZnO rods formed on the n-type single-crystalline ZnO transparent film. The respective lower portions of the single-crystalline ZnO rods have a shape of an inverted taper, which sharpens from the single-crystalline n-type ZnO transparent film toward the n-type nitride semiconductor layer.