It is an objective of the present invention to produce an anti-form of an optically active β-hydroxy-α-aminocarboxylic acid ester efficiently, simply and industrially advantageously. The objective can be accomplished by directly and selectively producing the anti-form of the optically active β-hydroxy-α-aminocarboxylic acid ester by asymmetric reduction of a β-keto-α-aminocarboxylic acid ester using an optically active amine complex as a catalyst. Further, the β-keto-α-aminocarboxylic acid ester as a raw material can be produced at a high yield by reacting a glycine derivative with a carboxylic acid derivative.