The present invention relates generally to the field of macro- and microelectronics with the potential for large-scale integration, optics, communications, and computer technology and particularly to the materials for these and other related fields. The present invention provides an anisotropic semiconductor film on a substrate, comprising at least one solid layer of material that comprises predominantly planar graphene-like carbon-based structures and possesses anisotropy of conductivity, and wherein the layer thickness is in a range from approximately 5 nm to 1000 nm.