A honeycomb structure includes at least one honeycomb unit having a first end face and a second end face opposite to the first end face along a longitudinal direction of the at least one honeycomb unit. The at least one honeycomb unit includes an inorganic particle, an inorganic binder, cell walls extending along the longitudinal direction from the first end face to the second end face to define a plurality of cells, a NOx storage catalyst provided at the cell walls, and a noble metal catalyst provided at the cell walls. An amount of the noble metal catalyst provided at a vicinity of the first end face is substantially different from an amount of the noble metal catalyst provided at a vicinity of the second end face.